Our house got hit by multiple lightnings a few weeks ago. One strike hit the transformer at the bottom of our driveway, a second seems to have come in through the door bell wires.
A lot of stuff was destroyed, amongst it furnace, AC and garage door opener. Our Model S was plugged in using a mobile connector into a NEMA 14-50, looks like we got lucky though. Car and charger seem fine. Our SC pulled the logs, nothing noteworthy they say. And the car made a 2k mile road trip since without issues. Thank you Tesla engineers!
We do have a fairly high-end whole house surge protector (updated from an older model when the charger outlet was installed). Not sure if it did anything, light is still green. We contacted the manufacturer and they actually came out and had a look, said it was installed correctly. However later when we tried to file a claim they pointed out that the installation instructions clearly state (I checked, true) that it will not protect from a "direct" lightning hit. I assume that means "on the inside", but because the wording is ambiguous it is basically a "get out of jail free" card for them. Of course their brochures prominently feature imagery of lightnings.
UPSs in the house worked well and protected some of the more expensive equipment. However there was one path that allowed the lightning to get into protected circuits: from the doorbell wiring to a transformer into a power strip (hooked to the UPS) that was hanging off that power strip. Every device on that power strip got trashed. I since moved the transformer hookup to in front of the UPS.
BTW this was the fifth time in 20 years that I had to replace hardware after lighting strikes. The lightning always hit in different places (except one weekend we had the same transformer hit twice within 3 days). Somehow the microclimate or geography here appears to attract lightning. This was by far the most damage though.
Past experience has shown me that a small air gap (opto coupler) is not sufficient. And I doubt a thrown breaker will present much protection, apparently lightning will easily jump such a small gap if it wants to.