Um. Speaking as a guy who's shepherded numerous pieces of $RANDOM telecom gear through lightning surge testing, maybe I can provide a couple of guidelines.
First off, and I hate to say this: "It all depends."
Take your $RANDOM farmer who has a house (a) on the flats, (b) no trees around, (c) maybe raised up a bit (to prevent flooding) when the house was built, and (d) there's a single long line of telephone poles coming in from a mile (or something) away to provide electricity.
That guy has problems. Never mind Teslas: If there's a thunderstorm anywhere in the area, TV sets, radios, computers, electronics of all kinds, the occasional incandescent lamp, and all are going to get burned out on a regular basis. IF that lone telephone pole has a "top wire" that's meant to catch lightning (pretty typical for power distribution) it might not be as bad as all that, but, even so, Big Jolts R Us are coming down the power line into the house.
For people like that electricians mount lightning rods on the top corners of the house (sometimes those lightning rods actually take hits, but, more likely, the pointy tips simply discharge the E-fields around the house), with big honking wires into big honking ground stakes plonked into the ground. Further, for this person with Problems, it's not unusual for the electrician to put in a spark-gap/lightning arrestor on the side of the house, with the main power feed going through such a beast. A big ground stake (maybe the same one for the lightning rods) is usually placed directly below said arrestor, and there's calibrated gaps between the (typical) 2-phase power input and the Ground, the idea being to at least limit the maximum surge potential to, say, 5 kV or so. For even better suppression, after the spark gap, there'll be some hefty, hockey-puck style MOV (Metal Oxide Varistors) between the two hots and the neutral/ground wire. MOVs (and TVS diodes) are devices that, below their rating voltage, act roughly like an open; above their rating voltage, they swiftly become a short, and thereby limit the maximum voltage applied to the house itself.
The lightning surges themselves are on the order of a maximum of 10us to 50us long. There's a very large peak energy, but the average isn't much, so an MOV that can, say, dissipate 50W for 50 us isn't all that large. Much smaller ones are used in those things one buys at Home Depot or Staples that can do a Joule or two of energy dissipation. They do wear out after a time (say, a couple of thousand jolts at their max rated energy), but last a lot longer if a lot less energy hits them.
So, we've discussed our poor schmuck out in the middle of a field. Let's talk about the opposite case: Somebody living in Suburbia. First, if one looks at a power pole, it's typical that there's a top wire 'way the heck up there that is occasionally connected to a wire that goes into a ground stake, every ten poles or so. The general idea is that MegaAmp/MegaVolt jolt goes across that top wire and into the ground connection. A lightning strike tends to follow the shortest electrical path to ground, and those ground wires are them. But, there's more!
Remember that I said that the pulse widths, maximum, of a lightning strike are in the 10-50 us range? Well, the rise times of a lightning strike are in the 1 us to 8 us range. That's a frequency content (f = 1/time) of around 1 MHz to 250 kHz. So, that means that wires that are "long" in terms of wavelength (wavelength = speed_o_light/frequency). At 1 MHz, the wavelength is around 300 meters. Actually, a quarter of a wavelength will do for a decent radiator, so figure 70 meters; and that's easy to come by. What this means: That energy present on that strike is going to do more than head for ground, it's going to radiate all over the place as well. STRONGLY. Which means that the power lines exposed to this stuff on the next level or two down on the power pole are going to pick this stuff up and deliver it to the House and all the fancy stuff inside.
But.. It's not going to be at nearly the same level as what our friend the farmer sees. And, as one might expect, the U.L. and similar bodies have specifications about Just How Much Of A Surge That Stuff That Gets Connected To City Power Can Withstand. As a result: Get a lightning strike on the pole right outside your house in Suburbia and you might very well lose your TV set. But the energy spike gets attenuated as it travels and your neighbors to either side and up and down the street aren't going to have an issue.
There's more fun. Say one has underground wiring.. In my case, this little development in which I live has power poles up and down the main street, but the high-voltage, 480 VAC, goes into a pipe which then goes underground to the dozen or so houses in the development. Here and there the 480 VAC comes up, hits a transformer that downconverts it to two phases of 120 VAC for a couple-three houses, and that, too, runs underground (but not as deeply) to the sides of the houses.
Any fast-moving spike is going to see a ton of capacitance down that wire to the earth in all directions, and has to get through some transformer as well. So, at my place, the electricity level has the characteristics of a still pond.
So, live in a hilly place but in the valley? You're not going to have trouble. Live in a place that's effectively a forest, where the trees are lots taller than the power poles? LIkewise.
Finally: While I know more than I want to know about lightning surge and ANSI standards regarding same for telecom gear, it's pretty much a gimmie that when one is plugging equipment into Superchargers and the like said equipment had better darn well be able to handle the occasional lightning strike on the transformers/pole outside a Supercharger. And it won't just be the Supecharger electronics that has to handle this sans problems: The car must, too. And unless Tesla wanted complaints from Everybody On The Flats, they would have put MOVs, filtering, and the like, both in the Wall Connectors and the BEVs of the world.
My conclusion: Unless one is in an abnormally exposed spot, I wouldn't worry about lightning surge too much. I mean, the telephone company used to warn people against using POTS phones during lightning storms; and, when people did do that anyway, once every couple of years or so somebody would get themselves electrocuted that way.
So: If there's a history of people in the neighborhood getting the electronics blown due to lightning strikes: Yep, go and disconnect your Tesla. And maybe think about a whole-house lightning protector for everything else in the house as well. If nobody around the place can think of a time when lightning was a problem... Personally, I wouldn't worry about it too much. You wanna be safer than sorrier? Sure, knock yourself out.
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