New Competition for BMW and Co.
Part I: How dangerous is Tesla?
by Von Nils-Viktor Sorge and Wilfried Eckl-Dorna
EV maker Tesla turns into the black and had a head start into premiere league of the US luxury car segment. CEO Elon Musk is poaching in the hunting grounds of BMW, Mercedes, and Audi. That can't leave the German top dogs cold blooded for long.
Hamburg - Tesla CEO Elon Musk likes to sing praises on German cars. The Mercedes S-Class "is one of the finest luxury sedans of the world", lauded the head of Californian EV maker the car from Mercedes, which holds a stake in Tesla. Consequently, Musk warrants customers of the Model S a three year residual value that is spot on in relation to the prestigious sedan from Stuttgart.
The billionaire's deferential attitude is in stark contrast to his plans of building 100k cars a year, embarrassing especially the German premium car makers while doing so. And again these days, Musk shows to follow through on his words. Tesla exceeded expectations in the number of delivered cars in Q1, and turned into the black. The next step, 20k cars per year, seems easy from there on. "We're virtually sold out", stated the CEO.
On official record, the achievement messages from Silicon Valley don't move an eyebrow in Stuttgart, Munich, or Ingolstadt. He doesn't believe in the electric car, VW uber boss Ferdinand Piech stated recently. What could 20k cars, or even 100k cars do, albeit in the premium segment? And how could a start up from Palo Alto compete in the long run with the host of German engineers of BMW, Daimler, or Audi?
"A car maker selling less than 100k units, will have a hard standing, and lastly depends on third parties that offer financial support", Porsche CRA Matthias Müller downplayed things in an online interview with manager magazin, though this was before Tesla reported black numbers. Müller doesn't see evidence for existence of a premium EV market. "The question is, how much more are customers willing to spend on ecological reasons."
Tesla already has the Lead in California
But are Tesla's customers wowed for ecological reasons? Obviously for a part, only. Influential car mags Motor Trend and Automobile Magazine, that elected Model S for CotY 2013, justified the result with the extraordinary driving dynamics of the $87k sedan with a range of 480km, that out drags a Porsche Panamera with similar sticker price, sometimes even an M5.
Sportiness possibly plays into the fact, that Model S is on par with German luxury sedans in the US market. Currently, Tesla delivers 2000 units a month. BMW sold 5300 units of the 5xx in March, Mercedes 4000 E-Class - both figures went slightly down in the first quarter, opposed to common trend. OTOH Audi increased sales of the A6 - 1750 units in March.
According to industry analysts, Tesla sells one of two Model S in California, the largest car market in the U.S., running head to head with the Germans for the top. "Californians enjoy technology", says Roland Berger's car analyst Wolfgang Bernhart. Pricey EVs are a good match for a milieu heavily formed by IT, last not least because the cars can be managed via smart phone.
Part II: No competition for Tesla, anywhere.
"If EV sales figures excel in California, I have every reason to believe they will be successful in other parts of the country", says car analyst Tom Libby of the car market data specialist Polk. Hybrids showed a pioneering role there, too.
"Prior to Model S, no EV was a match for any car from an incumbent car maker. But in the premium segment, EVs satisfy the desire for individuality", says Bernhart.
"Obviously customers are willing to spend more on that. A niche has been established, that grew beyond microscopic level. But I can't see
any direct consequences for the German premium car makers yet."
But according to U.S. analysts, the American market for premium EVs continues to grow. LMC automotive analysts expect to see the number of units sold to rise from 14k5 to 71k within three years.
BMW's Reithofer is the single CEO bullish on EVs
The role of German car makers is open in that game. "If EVs get a hold in the U.S., then BMW, Mercedes, and Lexus must follow on", says Polk's Tom Libby.
The German CEOs play it reluctant. As the single exception, BMW CEO Norbert Reithofer recently pointed out that electric mobility gathered momentum in California. But Reithofer has some fish to fry there himself: In autumn, BMW plans to introduce its i3 compact car.
At least all German car makers look into plug in hybrids for their luxury segment. Porsche just unveiled a plug in version of the Panamera. For pure battery electric cars, it's Tesla as far as the eye can see. "I don't see any other EVs entering that segment," says Bernhart.
Now the question is, if Tesla can maintain the current speed. As of now, the EV maker feeds from a long list of reservations. The decisive questions of new reservations will not be answered before May. A devastating drive report by the New York Times has triggered a lot of cancellations. Musk accused the author of draining the Model S battery on purpose, because he wanted a photo op with the tow truck.
In opinion of Jörn Buss, a partner with Oliver Wyman Consulting, Tesla benefits from strong U.S. demand of luxury cars. In the years of crisis, sales figures collapsed significantly.
Part III: Will Tesla's Internet Sales Strategy Prevail?
Now the market recovers. "This helps Tesla for sure," says Buss. He sees positive developments in reaching 2000 units per month and turning into black. "But it is too early to see Tesla face to face with German luxury sedans."
"Right now these are just tiny pinpricks", opines Christoph Stürmer from IHS Automotive Consulting. "No talking yet that Tesla pushes Mercedes aside in that segment. Model S is barely a primary car, it's more of a second car."
"Well-off households just hold several cars in the U.S.", he continues. "They will acquire a Tesla instead of a nifty sports car - complementing the already present SUV."