All the above,
except it only seems real bad in your immediate field of view. I'd try new wipers first. All the lights etc are not helping. I wish I could see passenger side, I bet its all clear each swipe.
Temperature variations between the heat or defrost in the car and cold outside? What temp is it outside?
Is the defrost on?
You might have to heat the glass with the defrost. I assume this is a model S by the dash I can barely see.
I've noticed all sort of strange things with the glass on my S as well. In certain conditions like washing the car, you can see old patterns of rain spots and runs throughout like its there forever.
I've tried clay bar on the glass with detail liquid of course.
This condition you have, I have seen on rainy, cool(cold) nights which are few here, running defrost on and off continually helps, but not perfect. Then again SC has replaced wipers before and they were defective, I took it back and they replaced them again no charge. Problem fixed.