Interesting thread about Tesla warranty reserves. In summary, Tesla is best in class
We should all understand that warranty reserves are actuarially derived in general. When a new product is introduced the warranty reserves must invariably be higher than if the product has had years fo experience. This process also applies to Lease and loan securitizations, which use over-collaterization to compensate for lack of experience.
Warranty Week publishes warranty reserve calculations for nearly all public data available.
Their data, as has been posted here several times, shows that even in the beginning which had numerous teething issues with Model S and X, the warranty reserves were consistently well above actual expenses. That data even included the titanium battery shielding of the first Model S, repeated common replacement of motors and batteries, plus problems with screens and other systems.
As experience has grown and actual warranty expenses have remained well below reserves Tesla has maintained highly conservative warranty reserves. That is wise, in part because of rapid evolution, changes in supply chains, adoption of new battery technology, manufacturing and so on.
The only major diversions of the downward trend in warranty claims related to the infamous 90 battery on S and X, and the falcon wing door. Those events did NOT alter the downward warranty expense trends.
The other fundamental elements in warranty expense that the actuarial estimates did not consider were all related to the Tesla business model:
First, traditional OEM highest warranty expenses are for dealer diagnosis;
For Tesla this category is nearly zero since OTA vehicle monitoring mostly simplifies or eliminates service center diagnosis, which anyway has no profit margin when it does happen.
Second, traditional OEM second highest warranty expense is dealer repair;
For Tesla, most 'repairs' are OTA updates, others are by mobile servicing, and there is no dealer profit margin
Third, traditional third highest warranty expense is recalls, mostly dealer expense.
For Tesla most recalls are OTA, others are mobile service and the Service Center is at cost.
Just to repeat, the actuaries are generally ignoring the business model effects.
From my own work with three OEMs warranty reserving and management I am acutely aware that OEM's have intense pressure from dealers to increase warranty revenues and also to increase required maintenance. The latter point is exemplified by a Hyundai required coolant change for battery pack. There are numerous other examples. That pressure is acute because warranty service is often the second highest income category for a dealer, following "Finance
and Insurance".
The net effect of all that is that Tesla is not only best in class for Warranty reserving but also on warranty expense and maintenance expense.
Much of the data is easily found in Warranty Week. For anyone who is interested that is an excellent source. What they generally do not emphasize are the business model issues, partly because they cover all industries and partly because they are typically not presenting much about causality unless there is something especially notable and notorious.