Roth IRA for Estate Planning - Good but not Great anymore
A little story. One month ago we were talking by Facetime to our two grandchildren, ages 8 and 5. I asked them to do a math problem. If you bought something for $119 and sold it for $900, how much money would you make. After some work, they both got the correct answers. Today, a month later, I would have to modify the question, purchase price the same, but the sales price would be $1208.
What I didn't tell them is that this money is in a Roth IRA and they are the beneficiaries. When we set the Roth (my wife also has one) we decided that the bigger one (my wife's) would be invested in plain vanilla Vanguard Index Funds, while I would speculate with mine. Since hers was quite a bit bigger (close to three times) we felt comfortable with that. We had both maximized our IRA, 401(k), 403(b), 457 contributions over our long careers, so we both had significant amounts in those accounts. We also had the good fortune of both having substantial defined benefit pensions, so the tax deferred accounts were available for our grandchildren (one born and one planned at the time). We also had some investments outside the tax deferred accounts. So we converted all of our tax deferred accounts to IRAs and then to Roths, paying the taxes from our other investments.
At the time, the Roths could grow tax free for our entire lifetimes, with no Minimum Required Distribution (RMD). Furthermore, with our grandchildren as beneficiaries, the amount inherited could continue to grow through their lifetimes tax free, with only relatively small minimum required distributions. I sunk half of my Roth balance into Tesla shares in November 2013 (of course kicking myself for not buying in March, after we got our Model S) and then the other half in 2016 ending up with not quite 2500 shares - cost price $119 and $180.
In 2017, with the tax law changes, one negative change was to eliminate the second lifetime tax free growth, so that now it is ten years after the death of the second spouse with no RMD (assuming you make your spouse the first beneficiary of your Roth). Given our current good health, we hope that at least one of us will live another 15 years, and then the Roth goes to our grandchildren where it can grow tax free without any withdrawals for another 10 years. Yesterday, 1500 of our 2457 shares hit the ten bagger level and my Roth is just shy of $3M. In perspective, my wife's Vanguard IRA which started a $1M, not quite three times my Roth, is now at $1.5M after the stock market fall this Spring.
Hopefully, our Roths will have another 25 years to grow tax free.